Artificial intelligence systems are rapidly transforming the global economy, promising unprecedented efficiency, insight, and innovation. However, transitioning from AI’s theoretical potential to practical, ethical, and scalable application is fraught with significant challenges. Ethical and Trust Concerns The most public and critical challenges surrounding AI revolve around how these powerful systems interact with human values, fairness, and accountability. The Black Box Problem (Lack of Explainability). The “black box” nature of advanced AI, where decision-making logic is opaque to users and developers, creates the Explainable AI (XAI) crisis that prevents necessary auditing, justification, and trust in critical sectors like finance and healthcare. ...